Alek Minassian, 25, is accused of carrying out the van attack in Toronto
Mike McCormack, president of the Toronto Police Association, told the National Post: “This guy is a hero.”
风萧萧_Frank
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This is nothing for hailing, but a normal action of a person who is with DNA of Chinese, which provides high IQ that can make rational reasoning to conduct a rational practice as high quality man should be.
Toronto van suspect shouted 'shoot me in the head' at police officer who is hailed a hero for not opening fire
video posted to social media captures the terrifying moment an armed police officer comes face to face with the man suspected of driving a van into crowds of pedestrians in Toronto.
The suspect - 25-year-old student Alek Minassian - holds something in his hand, which he points at the officer as if it were a weapon.
He shouts that he has a gun and then says: "Kill me."
"No," comes the response from the officer, "get down."
"Shoot me in the head," the suspect shouts again as he appears to aim at the officer.
Seconds later he is in custody, with handcuffs on his wrists.
The clip, which was captured by a witness and passed to CTV, the Canadian broadcaster, sparked a deluge of praise for the officer's restraint during a moment of high danger, with 10 people lying dead or dying.
He added that the officer had done as he was trained to do, and that the man himself humbly insisted he was "just doing my job".
The Toronto Police Service declined to name the officer but Gary Clement, a retired Royal Canadian Mounted Police superintendent with 34 years experience of policing, told Reuters that he appeared to be a "seasoned and mature officer".
"It's quite apparent that the suspect was trying to be executed. He was really looking for 'suicide-by-cop,'" he said.
He added that the officer responded in a "mature manner".
"I would say this individual met the right police officer," he added. "Nobody knows how they're going to react. In this situation a lot of it comes down to muscle memory."
The peaceful resolution brought a torrent of praise on social media, particularly from the US where gun crime is commonplace and police officers are frequently accused of using disproportionate force.
"His restraint is nothing short of amazing...now imagine if they were in America," write Aimee Vanderpool on Twitter.
"Wow, at how these Canadian cops brought in this suspected killer," said Stuart Thompson in a post.
The restraint the Toronto Police Officer showed while the Van driver aggressively mimed quick-drawing a "gun" was breathtaking. #TorontoAttack
The difference in the gun legislation that splits the Canadian-American border is vast.
In the US, officers are trained to fire if they believe there is a reasonable fear of an imminent threat to life.
Geoffrey P Albert, a University of South Carolina professor on high-risk police activities, told the New York Times: “It’s a very simple analysis, a threat analysis.
“If a police officer has an objectively reasonable fear of an imminent threat to his life or serious bodily harm, he or she is justified in using deadly force. And not just his life, but any life."
Although the exact wording and protocol can change from state to state, this mantra has led to criticism and, ultimately, unarmed suspects being shot.
North of the border in Canada, the gun control legislation is far stricter. And the official line for police officers to follow is "necessary force".
Toronto Police Chief Mark Saunders said on Monday the officer had done a "fantastic job" to gauge the "circumstance and environment" for a "peaceful resolution".
As of yesterday, police in the US have killed 394 people. Watching the restraint of the Toronto police officer as he was being taunted by the suspect is nothing short of remarkable. High praise to the officer. #torontoattack
He said his officers were "taught to use as little force as possible in any given situation".
Canada's Criminal Code states: "Everyone who is required or authorized by law to do anything in the administration or enforcement of the law . . . is, if he acts on reasonable grounds, justified in doing what he is required or authorized to do and in using as much force as is necessary for that purpose.
"Everyone who is authorised by law to use force is criminally responsible for any excess thereof according to the nature and quality of the act that constitutes the excess.”
In 2000, the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police endorsed a national framework for the use of force that became the basis for police agencies to “build their own use-of-force policies or standards".
The framework represents “how an officer enters into or is confronted with a situation, and how he assesses, plans and responds to incidents that threaten officer or public safety.
"It assists with training officers and provides a reference for decision-making and articulating their actions respecting use of force.”
As well as the country's police officers seemingly being held to account more stringently, the general population is now subject to stricter rules.
Last month, new gun control laws were introduced for citizens who wanted to bear arms, including tougher background checks which now involve screening people with a history of violence.
Retailers selling guns also must now keep records of their sales to give police access to records when needed.
With regards the incident in Toronto, Michael Lyman, professor of Criminal Justice Administration at Columbia College of Missouri, suggested in an interview with the BBC the officer may have acted out of fear of being publicly criticised for opening fire.
In 2007, a Polish man in Vancouver - Robert Dziekański - died after he was tasered at Vancouver International Airport in Richmond, British Columbia.
Six years later in Toronto, Sammy Yatim, 18, was shot dead by police officers.
The teenager was branding a knife, by the police force was advised in both instances that officers should be given more training to allow officers to talk down suspected criminals as opposed to resorting to force.
Toronto van attack: Calm actions of police stun US
24 April 2018
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-43876772?
The calm actions of a police officer who arrested the Toronto van suspect without firing a shot have prompted praise and, in some quarters, astonishment.
Video from the scene shows suspect Alek Minassian pointing an object at the officer and shouting: "Kill me!"
The officer tells the man to "get down" and when the suspect says he has a gun, the officer repeats: "I don't care. Get down."
Videos on social media show Mr Minassian lying down as the officer arrests him.
Many in North America are asking how the suspect did not end up dead in a hail of police gunfire. It contrasts with incidents in the US where police have shot and killed unarmed people.
"Research has shown that Canadian police are reluctant users of deadly force," says Rick Parent, a criminologist at Simon Fraser University in Canada's British Columbia.
"An analysis of police shooting data over many years revealed, that in comparison to their American counterparts, Canadian police officers discharge their firearms far less, per capita than US police. However, like American police officers they take many risks in protecting the public."
One US-based academic told the BBC that the officer would have had a "duty" to kill the suspect, if the object he was pointing was a gun.
Toronto Police Chief Mark Saunders told journalists the officer had done a "fantastic job" to understand the "circumstance and environment" and get to a "peaceful resolution".
He said police in the city were "taught to use as little force as possible in any given situation".
Mike McCormack, president of the Toronto Police Association, told the Globe and Mail newspaper that the officer was a "hero" and could have justified opening fire.
"This officer looked at what was going on and determined he could handle it the way that he did," he said. He said he had spoken to the officer, who had told him: "I just did my job. What I did was no big deal. But look at these poor people."
Canada's Public Safety Minister Ralph Goodale praised the "brave and professional" police response.
Some on social media have praised the officer's "restraint" - while others such as author Viet Thanh Nguyen highlighted the apparent contrast with the behaviour of some US police.
TWITTER/@VIET_T_NGUYEN
TWITTER/@GIRLSREALLYRULE
TWITTER/@SAHLUWALHowever, Michael Lyman, professor of Criminal Justice Administration at Columbia College of Missouri, told the BBC that the officer may have had a "duty" to kill the suspect.
"Assuming the suspect is holding a gun and pointing it toward officers, it is concerning that the officer is not engaging the suspect with deadly force," he said.
Professor Lyman said that the officer might not have opened fire out of fear of public criticism after the event.
"People died as a result of the suspect's actions. Can we assume that the officer knew this? If so, this changes things a bit in that the level of public threat is higher. Under this circumstance, it would seem that the officer had a 'duty' to respond with deadly force - assuming what he was holding was a firearm," he said.
Professor William Terrill from the Arizona State University School of Criminology & Criminal Justice said the officer may have judged that the object held by the suspect did not pose a threat.
"It's possible the officer thought the object in the person's hand was not a gun, or not a real gun. The fact that the officer left the cover of his car and exposed himself out in the open would further support such a supposition," he said.
"It's also possible the officer recognised a potential suicide-by-cop incident and chose not to engage with deadly force. The only remaining option I can posit is the officer simply froze."
David Klinger, Professor of Criminology and Criminal Justice at the University of Missouri-St Louis said the video did not show enough detail for an informed assessment of the officer's actions.
"If the cop could clearly see what was in the suspect's hand, and that it wasn't a gun, then it's a simple matter of a cop doing his job correctly," he said.
加国警察徒手生擒凶嫌画面。路透
加拿大多伦多23日发生厢型车冲撞路人事件造成10死15伤，一名华裔警察面对疑似持枪的凶嫌明纳西恩，最终竟一枪未发生擒凶嫌，此事引起美加地区网民广泛讨论，凸显两地警察用枪态度的显著不同。英国广播公司（BBC）报导标题说，加拿大警察的镇静，“让美国惊呆了”。
报导中说，这名警察的冷静行动获得人们赞扬，但也有很多人觉得，警察面对刚犯下冲撞血案且疑似持枪的歹徒，竟没有开枪将其制伏，令人惊讶。
制伏凶嫌的是一名华裔警员肯尼斯?林，当天他只身面对暴徒，冷静镇定，未贸然向凶嫌开枪，使警方有机会留下活口侦询凶嫌动机。加国专家指称，林姓警员的应对过程堪为教科书范例。据香港媒体报导，43岁的林警官为香港移民第二代，父亲曾任香港辅警。林母表示，林警员在担任电脑工程师十余年后才转入警界。
大批民众在事发现场一处主要十字路口设立临时纪念碑，并留下鲜花悼念遇难者。路透
根据现场影像和目击者描述，暴徒驾车在行人道上沿途撞翻路人，后来被警方拦住，停在行人道上。25岁的凶嫌自驾驶座开门下来，站在白色厢型车驾驶座位的车门外，手臂伸出，手持一个黑色物体指向林姓警员。警员拔枪高喊：“趴下。”凶嫌回应说：“杀我，打我的头。”林警员回答：“我不杀你，趴下。”凶嫌说：“我口袋里有把枪。”林警员回说：“这我不管，趴下，否则我要向你开枪。”
两人简短对话后，凶嫌往林警员走去，手上黑色物体仍指著林警员。目击者艾希加说：“他继续向前走，我想这时候警员发现凶嫌手上拿的不是枪。”
林警员随即把警枪放入枪套，拿出警棍大步走向凶嫌，将凶嫌手中所持物件丢到一旁，令他趴在人行道，然后扣上手铐。
许多美加民众都在问，为何凶嫌未遭警察当场击毙，而这跟美国近年常发生的警察枪杀手无寸铁民众事件形成强烈对比。
在社群媒体上，一些人也大赞该名警察“克制”，越南裔小说家阮越清说，林警员的处理方式，跟美国一些警察的行为有着鲜明对比，“美国警察的训练是不是出了什么问题”？
还有人说，在加拿大，警察没有开枪就逮捕凶嫌，好像大家并没有太惊讶，“但如果此事发生在美国”，恐怕就不是这么回事了。还有黑人民众说，在美国，曾发生黑人在自家后院拿着手机喝咖啡，却被警员以为是持枪而遭误杀事件。
加国卑诗省西门菲莎大学犯罪学家培伦特说：“研究显示，加拿大警方不愿意使用致命武力。多年来针对警方开枪数据进行的分析显示，跟美国警察相比，加拿大警察的人均开枪次数远低于美国警察，但像美国警察一样，他们在保护公众方面也冒了很多风险。”
多伦多警察局长桑德斯则告诉记者说，林姓警察在了解“ 情况与环境”后，以“和平手段”逮捕凶嫌，做得“非常出色”，并称多伦多市警察“被教导在任何情况下尽量不使用武力”。
明纳西恩及其犯案用的厢型车辆。路透
多伦多警察协会主席麦考马克在接受环球邮报采访时，更称林姓警察为“英雄”。加国公共安全部长古岱尔也称赞警方的反应“勇敢与专业”。
麦考马克说，林警官告诉他，“我只是做好我的工作。我做的没什么大不了的，但是看看这些可怜的民众。”
不过，美国学者却认为，若指着警察的物品是枪，那么这名警察就有“责任”对凶嫌开枪。美国密苏里州哥伦比亚学院刑事司法行政教授莱曼表示，“假设凶嫌持枪并指向警察，警察没使用致命武力来对付凶嫌，令人担心。”
莱曼还说，该名警察可能是担心开枪后遭民众批评，而未开枪，并指当时是公众安全遭到威胁的状态，凶嫌若真的持枪，“该名警察似乎有责任以致命武力做出反应”。
美国亚历桑纳州立大学犯罪学与刑事司法教授特里尔则认为，林姓警察可能判断凶嫌所持物品不会构成威胁，也可能认为这是凶嫌做案后“希望被警察击毙达成自杀目的”的状况，因此选择不使用致命武力。
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