威权主义是美国资本主义“自由民主”的核心（与历史学家 Aaron Good 合著）

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IZ1P_b13l28&list=PLDAi0NdlN8hNArLl765PXe8tsTKmOciGL&index=14

地缘政治经济报告

2022 年 10 月 23 日
分析不民主的黑暗力量，以及自由资本主义和威权主义并非对立；它们密不可分。

这是《帝国与深层国家》系列的第 11 部分，Multipolarista 编辑 Ben Norton 与历史学家 Aaron Good 和《美国例外》播客的制作人 Seamus McGuinness 共同主持。

威权统治：概述

我们在上一章中看到，民主的含义是有争议的，民主有多种类型。同样，威权主义的含义也存在争议，而且没有单一的威权政体模式。在研究它们时，我们应避免陷入将它们与专制和通过恐惧和监视进行统治联系起来的陷阱；威权统治的细微差别往往难以捕捉和识别。此外，民主和威权主义这两种政治制度并没有明显的区别，因为前者包含后者的元素，反之亦然。威权统治者在不言而喻的界限内运作。正如民主领导人需要保留选民的支持一样，威权统治者也需要保留盟友的支持。

威权统治通常与一个占主导地位的领导人有关，但也经常围绕一个精英群体展开，该群体内部存在大量权力争夺。统治者试图通过限制大众参与而不是动员民众来维持控制（并增加财富）。只要远离政治，普通人就不太可能在半夜听到敲门声。在这种情况下，治理是无限权力与政治脆弱性的不稳定组合。
Authoritarianism is at heart of US capitalist 'liberal democracy' (with historian Aaron Good)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IZ1P_b13l28&list=PLDAi0NdlN8hNArLl765PXe8tsTKmOciGL&index=14
Geopolitical Economy Report
2022年10月23日
An analysis of undemocratic dark power and how liberal capitalism and authoritarianism are not opposites; they are inextricably linked together.

This is PART 11 of the Empire and the Deep State series Multipolarista editor Ben Norton is co-hosting with historian Aaron Good and producer Seamus McGuinness of the American Exception podcast.

AUTHORITARIAN RULE: AN OVERVIEW

We saw in the previous chapter that the meaning of democracy is contested, and that democracies come in different types. In much the same fashion, the meaning of authoritarianism is also contested, and there is no single model of an authoritarian regime. In studying them, we should avoid falling into the trap of associating them too readily with despotism and rule through fear and surveillance; the nuances of authoritarian rule are often difficult to capture and identify. Furthermore, the two types of political system – democracy and authoritarianism – are not clearly distinct from one another, because the former contain elements of the latter, and vice versa. Authoritarian rulers operate within unspoken limits. Just as democratic leaders need to retain the support of voters, so authoritarian rulers need to retain the support of their allies.

Authoritarian rule is often associated with a single dominant leader, but also often revolves around an elite group within which there is considerable internal jockeying for power. Rulers seek to maintain their control (and increase their wealth) by limiting mass participation, rather than by mobilizing the population. Ordinary people are unlikely to experience a knock on the door at midnight as long as they keep their distance from politics. In such a situation, governance is an uneasy combination of unlimited authority and political vulnerability.