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永远影响世界的几个犹太人 zt

(2012-06-23 02:12:46) 下一个

Jesus Christ:基督教主神,创建全球最有影响力宗教
Albert Einstein:证明时空是相对的,提出光量子假说,促建第一颗原子弹
Niels Bohr:建立原子理论,量子力学哥本哈根学派宗师
Kurt Goedel:证明公理系统的不完备性定理,指出人类理性的极限
Karl Marx:提出共产主义理论
John von Neumann:建立可编程计算机构架,建立量子力学的严格数学基础
Georg Cantor:现代集合论和罗辑学之父,建立无穷数理论
von Karmen:创立现代空气动力学,建立航空航天器的理论基础
Alan Turing:建立密码理论,提出通用计算机模型
Henry Kissinger:建立全球外交学说,提出避免战争理论,为自由阵营赢得冷战
Emmy Nother:证明一般对称性原理,20世纪唯一享有历史名声的女性数学家
Karl Popper:科学哲学大师
David Baltimore:细胞生物学大师,建立肿瘤病毒与遗传物质的关系
Aron Klug: 建立X光确定生物大分子结构实验基础
Lev Landau:全能型物理学家,苏联物理学霸主
Milton Friedman:价格理论,金融理论大师
Richard Feynman:创立量子电动力学,发明费曼图技术
Murray Gell-Mann:建立核子夸克模型,奠定亚核物质结构理论
Paul Samuelson:分析经济学,宏观经济学宗师,首位诺贝尔经济学奖得主
Claude Cohen-Tannoudji:发明激光致冷,奠定分子激光技术
Stanley Cohen:实验胚胎学大师,生长因子发现者
Harold Kroto:足球形分子C60发现者,开创纳米时代

….

犹太诺贝尔得主名单(不全):

Albert Einstein -- The most famous and influential scientist of all time
Paul Ehrlich -- Nobel prize for descovering a treatment for syphilis.
Richard Feynman -- 'The greatest scientific mind since World War II '
Roald Hoffmann -- Nobel prize winner in Chemistry: field of electronic structures
Lev Landau -- Soviet physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics 1962
Aaron Klug -- Nobel prize winner in Chemistry, for work on X-ray analysis of biomolecules
Rita Levi-Montalcini -- winner of the Nobel Prize for her work on Nerve Growth factor (with Stanley Cohen)
Elie Wiesel -- Jewish author: 'Night', winner of the Nobel Prize for Peace
Niels Bohr -- Nobel prize-winning Physicist: atomic structure
Milton Friedman -- Recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics
Yitzhak Rabin -- Prime Minister of Israel - Worker for Peace' Chief of Staff in Six Day War
Franco Modigliani -- Italian-born economist, 1985 Nobel Laureate in Economics: saving and financial markets
Isaac Bashevis Singer -- Author, Nobel Prize-winner for Literature
Nadine Gordimer -- South African novelist, Nobel prize-winner in Literature
Martin Perl -- Nobel prize winner in Physics: discoverer of the Tau Lepton
Shimon Peres -- Israel's Labor party leader
Arno Penzias -- Nobel prize winner in Physics, studied interstellar isotopes
Elie Metchnikoff -- Nobel prize winner in Medicine, studied immunity in infectious disease.
Henri Bergson -- Author/Philosopher, Nobel prize for Literature
Albert Michelson -- Nobel Prize for Physics 1907
Hans Bethe -- Nobel Prize in Physics in 1967
Selman Waksman -- Microbiologist, 1952 Nobel Prize winner in physiology and medicine
Shmuel Yosef Agnon -- Israeli writer, winner of the 1966 Nobel Prize: 'The Bridal Canopy'; `A Guest for the Night'
John Harsanyi -- Winner of the Nobel prize in Economics: studied utilitarian ethics
Joseph Brodsky -- Nobel Prize winner in literature, most famous modern poet
David Baltimore -- Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine
Isaac Bashevis Singer -- 1978 Nobel Laureate in Literature: 'Enemies : A Love Story', 'The Golem', 'Meshugah'
Paul Samuelson -- Nobel Prize in Economics (first ever)
Baruch Blumberg -- Nobel prize winner in Medicine: field of epidemiology
Claude Cohen-Tannoudji -- Nobel prize winner in Physics, developed laser-cooling technology
Bernard Katz -- Nobel prize winner in Medicine, studied neuromuscular transmission
Stanley Cohen -- Nobel prize winner in Medicine, for work in experimental embryology
Elias Canetti -- Bulgarian born essayist and novelist who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1981
Fritz Haber -- winner of the Nobel Prize of Chemistry in 1918, for the synthesis of ammonia from its elements
Tadeus Reichstein -- Nobel Prize for Medicine 1950
George WALD -- Nobel Price in Medicine for work contributing to our understanding of vision.
Cesar Milstein -- Nobel prize winner in Medicine: field of immunology
Hermann Muller -- Nobel prize winner in Medicine: for work on biological effects of radiation
Stanley Prusiner -- Nobel prize winner in Medicine: for the discovery of Prions, infectious proteins
Saul Bellow -- Canadian born novelist and Nobel Prize winner for lietature
Howard Temin -- 1975 Nobel Prize in Medicine
Joseph Goldstein -- Nobel prize in Medicine
Joshua Lederberg -- Nobel prize winner in Medicine, discovered viral transduction
David Lee -- Nobel prize winner in Physics: for work on superfluidity
Jack Steinberger -- Nobel Prize winner in Physics, 1988
Georges Charpak -- won the Nobel Prize in Physics 1992 for his particle detector
Isidor Rabi -- Nobel prize in physics in 1944
Paul Johann Ludwig Heyse -- Nobel prize winner in Literature, 1830-1914
John Harsanyi -- Winner of the Nobel prize in Economics: studied utilitarian ethics
Herbert Simon -- Nobel prize winner in Economics: for work on decision-making
Nelly Sachs -- Poet, winner of the Nobel prize in Literature
Andrew Schally -- Nobel prize winner in Medicine: field of endocrinology
Leon Lederman -- Nobel prize winner in Physics, 1988
Herbert Brown -- Nobel prize winner in Chemistry: for his work in the borane-organoborane area
Harold Kroto -- Nobel prize-winner in Chemistry, discoverer of C60
Reinhard Selten -- Nobel prize winner in Economics: for work on 'game equilibrium models'
Douglas Osheroff -- Nobel prize winner in Physics, for work in superfluidity
Daniel Nathans -- Nobel prize in Medicine: for restriction analysis of Simian Virus 40 DNA
Jack Steinberger -- Particle Physicist, winner of the Nobel Prize
Simon Kuznets -- Nobel prize winner in Economics
Murray Gell-Mann -- Nobel prize in physics 1969. Introduced 'quarks'.


大哲学家,Fields 奖和Wolf 奖,Crafoord Prize 得主(不全):

Benoit mandelbrot -- the most influential person in the history of fractals
Ayn Rand -- author of 'Atlas Shrugged,' 'The Fountainhead'; philosopher: Objectivism
Ludwig Wittgenstein -- Philosopher, concerned with moral and philosophical perfection
John von Neumann -- Award winning mathematical genius
Baruch Spinoza -- Philosopher, 1632-1677, author of 'Ethics'
Karl Popper -- generally regarded as one of the greatest philosophers of science of the 20th century.
Paul Erdos -- Itinerant genius and mathematician
Georg Cantor -- Father of set theory and modern logic
Paul Samuelson -- Nobel Prize in Economics (first ever)
Levi ben Gershon -- (Gersonides, 1288?1344) mathematician, astronomer and philosopher.
Theodor Adorno -- the principal exponent of the marxist 'Frankfurt School' of social sciences
John Kemeny -- Mathematician/Philosopher, co-inventor of the 'basic' computer language
Isaiah Berlin -- Philosopher and Historian of Ideas, Political Theorist, 1909 - 1997
David Ricardo -- one of the fathers of modern economic theory-founded 'classical school' of economics
Emmy Noether -- Mathematician studying abstract algebra
Walter Benjamin -- one of the most influential cultural theorists in the Marxist tradition
Edmund Husserl -- Mathematician and Philosopher: 'referential consciousness'
Jacques Derrida -- Controversial founder of deconstructionism
Tullio Levi-Civita -- Mathematician, physicist: absolute differential calculus in the theory of relativity
Philo Judaeus -- famous Jewish-Hellenistic philosopher-greatest Jewish philosopher of his age
Reinhard Selten -- Nobel prize winner in Economics: for work on 'game equilibrium models'
Franz Rosenzweig -- German-Jewish philosopher: 'The Star of Redemption', 1886-1929
Dr. Isaac Hays -- The Jewish Architect of the AMA's First Code of Ethic
Laurent Schwartz -- Fields Medal winner for theory of distributions

全球各地犹太人口占总人口不到 0.3 %,但是

犹太裔诺贝尔奖得主比例:11.6%。
犹太裔Fields/Wolf得主比例:17.3%。

世界上的华裔占21%,两奖比例分别为0.9%和2%。
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