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英文之虚拟语气

(2018-06-12 14:04:30) 下一个

英文之虚拟语气
前面讲了些基本的时态有现在时,进行时,过去时,完成时等,你一定以为讲完了吧。想得美呀!还多着呢,到底有多少呢? 我也不知道,只知道今天我们一起来学习虚拟语气。你可能会问什么是虚拟呀?虚拟者,假设也!是指假设的状态,就是说不是实际的。有一天,我的一个朋友说他要去见一个网上认识的女人, 我一听急了,我对他说: If I were you, I would not meet her -  普通虚拟语气(相当于现代时, 意思是: 如果我是你的话,我是不会和见她面的。但我不可能是你(他))。 这小子说:If she were here, she would be laughing at you. - 进行虚拟语气 (相当于现代进行时。 意思是:如果她在这里,她会笑你的 (她不在)。这小子,那么瞧不起俺呀)。 朋友还说他昨天答应她和她约会了。我说:If I were you, I would not have said yes to her..) (相当于现代完成时, 过去发生的事情,所以说的时候,即使是真的,已经完成了。意思:如果我是你的话,我不会答应她的) 。  注意这里的If后面都是假设,用过去时,但这里were,有两种不同的意思,在表达如果你如果是另外一个人时,这个were不会随人称和时态变化, 但如果是表示一个状况,譬如说在不在那里,虽然在简单虚拟式不会因人称的变化,但会随着时态而变化,见下。
上面的假设是表语,如果是谓语呢, 是谓语现在时要变成过去时。If he knew about the plot, he would not come.   (如果他知道这个祕密达计划,他不会来)。过去时变过去完成时:  If I had known about it, I would have come to the party yesterday.   ( 如果我昨天知道的话,我会来参加这个聚会的)。
刚才上面提高过简单虚拟语气:If she were here, she would be laughing at you 如果想象是昨天呢,那就要变动词:
If she had been here, she would have been laughing at you at the time.  ( (昨天)如果她当时在那里,她肯定会笑我)
哈哈,很复杂呀,谁说学英文容易呀,当然如果你不管这些就容易了。但是人家听了以后不仅别扭,有的时候会不知所云,或觉得你的水平真差呀,如买菜吃饭可以,但是要是工作,只能做小工,想当白领呀也会很受气的,每次提职称,老板想想你的英文就会说:
If her English were better, I would definitely give her a promotion.  你要是知道可能会说:I wish that my English were better (I wish 在这里指是一个心愿).   People treat you as if you were a fool if your english is not good [as if I (he, you. etc) were]指“好像是“的意思。哈哈,知道厉害了吧! 那该怎么办呢,慢慢来,别急,学语言就是要有恒心,有毅力。好了,今天就讲这么多了,等待牡丹女来纠正吧,不过她在那里聊得正欢,不知道有没有时间呀,不来就当我讲的全对了,反正她每次也不过是在蛋蛋里面挑挑骨头。

今天的小笑话:

A family was on a cruise.  The wife was very happy and wanted to tease the husband.  So she asked: 
Darling, if the boat sank, who would you save first, me or the children ?  
The husband answered: me!

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阅读 ()评论 (4)
评论
Fanreninus 回复 悄悄话 回复 'ARooibosTea' 的评论 : I didn't make it up. I wish that I had such a sense of humor.
Fanreninus 回复 悄悄话 回复 'PeonyInJuly' 的评论 : Thanks!
ARooibosTea 回复 悄悄话 The joke could only be in Chinese not in English. So you made it up:-)
PeonyInJuly 回复 悄悄话 Perfect !
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