流言：重庆的一则新闻让人们对鲜榨果汁也不那么放心了，一个一岁大的宝宝因为喝了半碗鲜榨苹果汁，食物中毒呕吐不止。难道新鲜苹果也有毒了吗？
真相：在新闻中，婴儿喝的苹果汁是用一个苹果打出来的，比如每克苹果籽中的氰苷折算为氢氰酸后大约只有几百个微克，是苦杏仁的几十分之一，所以单纯从剂量上来讲，吃个苹果就可使婴儿中毒的说法是站不住脚的。
说到氰化物，很多人会联想到影视剧中间谍、特工藏在牙齿里用于自杀的氰化物胶囊，而实际上氰化物就在我们身边，没有那么神秘。
国家食品安全风险评估中心风险交流部钟凯博士介绍，氰苷是植物中的一种毒素，目前全世界已经发现的氰苷大约是50多种，含有它的植物超过2500种，有几种被人们食用而且含量还很高。其中最重要是非洲某些地区的主粮木薯，此外，利马豆、竹笋和亚麻籽中含量也很高。当然我们常见的很多蔷薇科植物的种子里都含有氰苷，比如桃、樱桃、沙果、杏、梨、李子、枇杷，苹果也是蔷薇科的一员所以苹果籽同样含有氰苷，当然这些水果的果肉里是不含氰苷的。
但是新闻中说果核含氢氰酸是不对的，实际上，果核里的氰苷本身并没有什么危害，其真正的危害在于遇酸或者在生物酶的作用下水解出的剧毒氢氰酸（HCN），容易造成人和动物的中毒。
在临床上，氢氰酸大量沉积在身体，会导致头晕、头痛、呼吸速率加快等症状，严重的还会出现肾衰竭、休克甚至死亡。《甄嬛传》里安嫔最后吃苦杏仁自杀的理论依据就是因为氰苷水解出氢氰酸。此外，
苹果核中的氰苷水解之后的氢氰酸是否达到了能使婴儿中毒的剂量，也是一个值得商榷的问题。
苦杏仁有毒似乎很多人都知道，但是苹果籽导致的氰化物中毒却几乎没听说过。苦杏仁苷之所以在所有的氰苷中最为著名，主要是因为在我们常见的食品中，其在苦杏仁中的含量比较高，大概在2%-4%的样子。氢氰酸导致人的中毒剂量大约是每公斤体重2毫克左右。如果一个1岁婴儿重10公斤的话，以每个苦杏仁2毫克计算，大概需要吃至少10颗苦杏仁才可能到达中毒的剂量。
而在新闻中，婴儿喝的苹果汁是用一个苹果打出来的，比如每克苹果籽中的氰苷折算为氢氰酸后大约只有几百个微克，是苦杏仁的几十分之一，所以单纯从剂量上来讲，吃个苹果就可使婴儿中毒的说法是站不住脚的。此外，苹果籽主要留在榨汁后的残渣里，所以苹果汁中即使有氰苷也是很少，而且吃进去的氰苷也不一定能全部转化释放出氢氰酸。
尽管婴儿的机体比较脆弱敏感，但从媒体报道的症状来看，孩子吐出果汁后很快状态恢复，更大的可能是胃肠道刺激引起的不适，而不是氰苷直接导致婴儿中毒。更何况婴儿的呕吐原因有很多，单纯因为喝了新榨的苹果汁就说是苹果核有毒，缺乏依据。
实际上，蔷薇科植物里苦杏仁的氰苷含量是比较高的，折算成氢氰酸的话每克可含有几个毫克，而其他蔷薇科果实种子中的氰苷就低得多，除了蔷薇科果实，常见的含氰苷的食物还包括鲜竹笋、木薯、银杏果和一些豆类等。高粱、玉米、土豆、南瓜等很多农作物的幼苗或藤蔓里都有氰苷，可能会导致误食的牲畜中毒。所以氰化物并不是什么稀奇的事物，只不过由于含量有限，或者吃得不多，所以人们并不是特别关注。
值得庆幸的是，由于氰苷对热不稳定，因此彻底的加热是去除氰苷最有效的方式，国外的一些食品安全机构也建议民众不要生吃这些含氰苷的食物。另外氰苷在体内可以代谢清除掉，不存在蓄积性，该中毒的马上就会中毒，没中毒的也不用担心长期大量，将来会毒发身亡。对于消费者来说，水果的果核就别吃了，需要榨汁的话也应该先去核。只要不是刻意去嚼果核里的种子，吃水果导致氰苷中毒的可能性几乎不存在。
总体来说，苹果核仅仅是含有氢苷，并不是直接含有氰化物剧毒，而且由于含量小，说它有毒显得有些危言耸听。苹果作为健康水果的代表，我们还是放心大胆的吃吧。(《科技生活》周刊供稿)
Are there poisons of apple seeds? Is it dangerous to eat whole?
Release date: April 24, 2018 / Update date: April 23, 2018
Apple
Apple
Apples that are shakyaki texture and sweet and sour is condensed.
It is a being loved by everyone because it is good to eat every skin, to peel off and eat it is also good.
There is a seed in the center of such an apple, it seems that you eat it by removing seeds.
Poison is contained in the apple seeds, there is a possibility that the body is harmful.
I will introduce you about the kind of apple where such poison is concerned.
? List of apples! Which is sweet and delicious?
Contents [hide]
1 What ingredients are harmful to the body contained in apple seeds?
2 As soon as you eat apple seeds do you have a negative health impact?
3 Do you have dangerous fruits if you eat them like other kinds of apples?
4 About amygdalin
5 Conclusion
What are harmful ingredients in the body contained in apple seeds?
teacher
It seems that there is not much to eat apple seeds, but apple seeds contain ingredients that are harmful to the body.
Rosacea plants contain the toxin "amygdalin".
Besides apples, it is a toxin contained in the seeds of plants and plums.
This toxin is hydrogen cyanide, and many people become known potassium hydroxide.
It is also highly toxic with a risk of leading to death if ingested in large quantities.
As soon as you eat apple seeds do you have a negative health impact?
Apple
The apple seeds are totally upsetting because they contain toxins that are at risk of death and you've mistakenly eaten them.
But the amount of toxins contained in apple seeds is very small, so even if you mistakenly eat it will not cause health hazards.
As long as you do not eat thousands of seeds at once, it will not have a negative impact on your health.
This amount is also an amount that can not be ingested as long as you do not intentionally eat it, so you do not have to worry too much in your normal life.
Do you have dangerous fruits if you eat it like other kinds of apples?
stomach ache
There are many fruits containing toxins like apple seeds.
It is included in seeds of rose family plants such as Liwa, plum, peach and apricot, and also pear which is also a member of apples.
There is no problem at all in a small amount of ingestion, and it is almost no need to care about such as having abdominal pain or diarrhea even if it is ingested a little more.
About amygdalin
Thinking woman
Amygdarin, a toxin, is contained in many fruits as well as apples.
It is a toxin that can cause many symptoms such as fever and abdominal pain, but it is not a component that just harms the body.
First of all it is also used for anticancer treatment.
In the United States, amygdalin is used as anticancer treatment as it can be expected to have the effect of getting rid of cancer cells.
In addition, amygdalin is used in many symptoms such as analgesic effect, antipyretic, alleviation of abdominal pain and diarrhea, and even injuries in Japan.
This is also a folk remedy which has been done since long ago, and the effect of amygdalin has been drawing attention from long ago.
Too much intake will result in toxic constituents, but commercial ingestion exerts superior health effects.
For that reason, there are also people who drink and ingest a lot of drinking seeds in sake and making fruit liquor, and thinly apply them to the skin.
A postcard
Many people do not know that there are toxins in the apple seeds, and some people have eaten it.
But as long as you do not ingest in large quantities it will not have a major impact on your health side so you do not have to go to the hospital in a hurry even if you eat it wrong, so it's okay with peace of mind.
对于“破壁机”这个料理机大家庭中的新伙伴来说，有不少朋友可能还不太了解，甚至没听说过，而有的人对于“破壁”这个技术甚至是存在怀疑和质疑的态度。我们发现有不少朋友在寻找关于央视曝光了破壁机骗局的一些新闻或者视频，关于破壁技术是否是一个忽悠，大家可以参考料理机破壁技术是不是骗局一文。而央视是不是曝光了破壁机是一个骗局呢？一起来看看真相吧。
首先不跟大家卖关子，可以负责任的告诉大家，央视没有做任何文章或者视频来曝光破壁料理机是一个忽悠或骗局。有些朋友只是想求证下央视是否有证明这个观点，所以在寻找而已。不过央视的节目中确实是有专门做过一档节目来测评原汁机、榨汁机和破壁机的，最后也得出了结论，这档节目就是CCTV2的《消费主张》中的《果汁机怎么选？》，是2017年8月9日的一期节目。接下来谈谈这期节目中的测评以及其测评结果。
节目的一开始交代了测评的背景，一对夫妻打算买一个适合用来做果汁的料理机，丈夫更倾向于购买原汁机，因为看起来颜色各方面都更符合自己的要求；妻子倾向于购买破壁机，原因是破壁机不仅可以用来制作果汁，丰富的功能还能用来做很多料理。当他们来到商场选购时，发现导购员说啥的都有，更不清楚是该选原汁机还是破壁机了，又或者是专门用于榨汁的榨汁机？
好了，接下来测评正式开始，节目组请来了一帮年纪在7岁左右的小朋友做喝橙汁的测试。节目组分别用原汁机、破壁机和榨汁机分别制作同一批品质的削了外皮橙子的橙汁，每一杯都贴上记号标签后，分给每一位小朋友品尝3杯不同机器做出来的橙汁。最后得出的结果是小朋友几乎一致认为原汁机做出来的口感更甜，更喜欢原汁机做出来的橙汁。随后节目组更换了成人女性组（女性朋友也非常喜欢果汁）做测试，得出的结论也是原汁机的口感要更好一些，不过票数开始没那么悬殊了。
那么是什么原因让破壁机做出来的橙汁的口感不如原汁机呢？原因是破壁机虽然将橙子的颗粒变得更小的，但是对于橙子这一水果来说，外皮的白色部分和果核跟果汁混合的越均匀，其果汁中的苦味就越高，而原汁机是果渣分离的，不会受到外皮和果核的影响。所以在用破壁机制作的时候，如果对口感要求较高，要弄清楚哪些部位容易影响口感。
原汁机、破壁机和榨汁机所做橙汁的营养差别
然后节目组到专业分析实验室测试了这三种不同机器做出的橙汁的营养的差异。实验分析后得出的结论是原汁机和榨汁机智总的营养素的提取率是原果的70%，而破壁料理机可以达到90%以上。
最后节目做了清洗测试，清洗是用完料理机后的一个烦人问题，许多朋友也是因为这个问题让家里的料理机吃灰率大大提高。最后得到的测试结果是：破壁机用时是40秒，原汁机用时是2分钟、榨汁机用时3分25秒。原汁机和榨汁机清洗时间长是因为其结构复杂，需要各种拆卸，以及滤网的清洗耗时长。附上这期节目的视频链接：http://tv.cctv.com/2017/08/09/VIDEovYUZYI1JFun1lhIaxhH170809.shtml。
最后总结一下，结论还是跟我们以前所提的一样。如果只是单纯的想喝最原汁原味的果汁，那么选原汁机，如果综合考虑营养和功能的多样性方面，选择破壁机，关于破壁机的功能请移步破壁机都有什么功能这篇文章。如果这些都需要，那么一台原汁机一台破壁料理机就能满足所有需求了。
