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Common Sentence Problems

(2022-10-20 06:17:26) 下一个

六周的网课结束了(考了94.4分),继续注册了Grammar Refresh II。小记一下过去几周学的英文句子语法。

A sentence contains a subject and a verb and all of other words and phrases that modify these two parts of speech to complete the meaning and details of the sentence. A sentence ends with a period(.), question mark(?), or exclamation point (!).

英文句子有一个主语和谓语,还有别的用于修饰主语和谓语的词语。这些修饰词语让意思表达清晰,细节明了。句子结尾可以有三种符号:句号(。),问号(?),和感叹号(!)。

四种句型 type of sentences

  • Declarative sentences(陈述句)make a statement。
  • Interrogative sentences(疑问句)ask a question。
  • Imperative sentences(祈使句)issue a command。
  • Exclamatory sentences(感叹句)express great emotion。 

八种词语 type of phrases

  • Prepositional phrases(介词)
    • A preposition is one of the eight parts of speech。a preposition is a word that expresses a relationship with another word in the sentence. Often, prepositions show the location of someone or something, but this isn't always the case. 时间和空间
    • Jack walked across the yard.
  • Appositive phrases(同位)
    • An appositive is a noun or noun phrase that renames another word beside it. Appositive phrases are set off with commas in the sentence。
    • My lunch, a vegan sandwich, was not very filling.
  • Gerund phrases(动名词)
    • A gerund is a word that comes from a verb, but it functions as a noun. Gerunds always end in "ing."
    • Will took his time climbing the stairs.
  • Adjective phrases(形容词)
    • An adjective phrase is a group of words that all modify a noun or pronoun.
    • The man in the green and blue cap spoke next.
  • Adverb phrases(副词)
    • An adverb phrase is a group of words that modify the verb。
    • He was speaking in a loud voice.
  • Infinitive phrases(不定式)
    • An infinitive is a verb form that begins with the word "to" and is followed by the simple verb form. 
    • To sing well requires proper breathing.
    • Kinzy wants to discuss the matter.
  • Participle phrases(分词)
    • A participle is a verb form that ends in "ing" or "ed" and functions as an adjective.
    • Returning from the store, Jane set the bags on the counter.
    • The lady wearing the big earrings is my cousin.
    • The park, destroyed in the tornado, was never rebuilt.
  • Absolute phrases(绝对)
    • Absolute phrases consist of a noun, a participle, and any other modifying words.
    • Weather permitting, the kids will play outside today.

三类句型错误 Common sentense problems

  • Run-on (Fused) Sentences - when there are two sentencs pushes togehter without the correct puncatation.
    • Jane walked the last lap she was tired of running. 两个句子连在一起了。
  • Comma Splices - a splice is a method for joining two things together. A comma splice occurs when two complete sentences connects with a comma.
    • My car ran out of gas, I had to walk for two miles. 用句号连两个句子
  • Sentence Fragments
    • On the table. 不是完整句子

四个句法窍门

  • Create two separate sentences by adding an end puncuation.
  • Use a semicolon(;)
  • Use a coordinating conjunction: and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet.
  • Change one of the sentence to a subordinate clause with because, since, although, while, etc.
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林凡_圣路易 回复 悄悄话 回复 'laopika' 的评论 : 问好! 谢谢美言。继续努力!
laopika 回复 悄悄话 林凡学的比我高好多级别,基础好太多了,佩服!
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