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Re. 请教大家一个疑难病,多谢了

(2007-06-12 18:21:09) 下一个

----------------------------The case as posted-------------------------------
刘小毛情况介绍
刘小毛,男,10岁。身高134cm 体重26kg
多饮、多尿3年余。
于2004年9月无明显诱因被家长发现经常口渴,饮水量大,尿的次数多,查尿常规未发现异常,电解质正常,血糖正常,血浆渗透压277mosm/L(275-305),未在意,后发现此现象呈持续性无缓解,并有加重,遂于2006年2月行颅脑MRI检查示“空碟鞍及神经垂体未发育”,于2006年4月前往北京协和医院和天坛医院进一步行甲胎蛋白(AFP)和促绒毛膜性腺激素B(B-HCG)检查无异常,T3为2.1ng/ml(0.66-1.92),T4、FT3、FT4、TSH3及Tup均在正常范围内,PRL10.2ng/ml(0-25),皮质醇(F)15.75ng/dl(4.0-22.3),24hr尿游离皮质醇(UFC)12.39ug/24h(12.3-103.5),电解质正常,尿常规示尿比重(SG)为1.003(1.005-1.030),天坛医院会诊中心诊断意见为:多饮多尿原因待查①空蝶鞍②四叠池异常病灶(MRI读片意见)。并建议给予弥凝0.1mgqd口服,3天后尿量由每天5000ml左右降到2100ml左右。此后继续服用维持,未发现药物不良反应。于2006年10月复查MRI(平扫+增强)报告“空碟鞍及神经垂体未发育。松果体增大”,继续观察,曾尝试停药未成功,服用中药方剂替代,有一定效果,但出现性早熟的表现(外生殖器明显增大,阴毛出现);停中药后尿量再次增多。于2007年5月复查MRI平扫报告“部分空蝶鞍”,复查上述检验项目均在正常范围。
问题:
1、诊断?是否为神经垂体未发育?还是空蝶鞍压迫所致?
2、是否一定需要药物控制尿量?可否维持液体平衡即可?
3.有无更好的治疗方案?
4、松果体经过观察,无明显改变。此处病变可否引起尿崩?
5、还会不会引起其他后果?
6、中枢性尿崩症国外有什么好的治疗方案?
7、是否需要终身服药?
8、是否会随年龄增长而发育好?
9、为什么成人吃一段时间弥凝片后可减量,小孩一减量尿的次数就增多。

--------------Answer...................

my 2 cents, without looking at his brain MRI...

1. 诊断 is the key. So they think there is a lesion is the quadrigeminal plate cistern, or the pineal region, as reported in different MRI exams. How big is the lesion? Is there enhancement after contrast (增强)? Is there also suprasellar/hypothalamic lesion besides the "empty sellar"? This is the key for this case. His series MRIs need to be looked at by a neuroradiologist or neurosurgeon. Given the symptoms of central diabetes insipidus AND precocious puberty, I suspect this is a case of Germinoma, with other differential diagnosis depending on the MRI exams. I can not say either way without his MRIs.

2. 是否一定需要药物控制尿量?可否维持液体平衡即可?----Minirin or 弥凝 which is just a structural analogue of the natural pituitary hormone arginine vasopressin. It works on the kidneys and only treat the symptoms. In theory and a perfect condition, the answer is yes.

3.有无更好的治疗方案?---- it depends upon the correct diagnosis. Germinoma is highly radiosensitive, potentially curable.

4、松果体经过观察,无明显改变 -- is it??? 此处病变可否引起尿崩?---- in pediatric pineal region lesions, germinoma is known to have associated suprasellar lesion or subependymal involvement which can cause all his symptoms.

5、还会不会引起其他后果?---- depending upon the correct diagnosis.

6、中枢性尿崩症国外有什么好的治疗方案?7、是否需要终身服药?8、是否会随年龄增长而发育好?9、为什么成人吃一段时间弥凝片后可减量,小孩一减量尿的次数就增多。
 ---------- see number 5.

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