老祖宗教我们如何炒股:情忠,细查和气勇。技术要点:一鼓作气,再而衰,三而竭。
(2011-04-09 13:56:12)
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《左传·庄公十年·曹刿论战》
十年春,齐师伐我,公将战。曹刿请见。其乡人曰:“肉食者谋之,又何间焉?”刿曰:“肉食者鄙,未能远谋。”乃入见。问:“何以战?”公曰:“衣食所安,弗敢专也,必以分人。”对曰:“小惠未徧,民弗从也。”公曰:“牺牲玉帛,弗敢加也,必以信。”对曰:“小信未孚,神弗福也。”公曰:“小大之狱,虽不能察,必以情。”对曰:“忠之属也。可以一战。战则请从。”
公与之乘,战于长勺。公将鼓之。刿曰:“未可。”齐人三鼓。刿曰:“可矣”。齐师败绩。公将驰之。刿曰:“未可。”下视其辙,登轼而望之,曰:“可矣。”遂逐齐师。
既克,公问其故。对曰:“夫战,勇气也。一鼓作气,再而衰,三而竭。彼竭我盈,故克之。夫大国,难测也,惧有伏焉。吾视其辙乱,望其旗靡,故逐之。”
Cao Gui On War
In the spring of the 10th year, the army of Qi invaded our state, and the Duke was about to fight, when Cao Gui requested to be introduced to him. One of Gui’s fellow-villagers said to him: “The flesh-eaters are planning for the occasion; what have you to do to intermeddle?” He replied: “The flesh-eaters are poor creatures, and cannot form any far-reaching plans." So he entered and was introduced, when he asked the Duke what encouragement he had to fight. The Duke said: “Clothes and food minister to my repose, but I do not dare to monopolize them:—I make it a point to share them with others.” “That,” replied Gui, “is but small kindness, and does not reach to all. The people will not follow you for that.” The Duke said: “In the victims, the gems, and the silks, used in sacrifice, I do not dare to go beyond the appointed rules—I make it a point to be sincere.” “That is but small sincerity; it is not perfect—the spirits will not bless you for that.” The Duke said again, “In all matters of legal process, whether small or great, although I may not be able to search them out thoroughly, I make it a point to decide according to the real circumstances.” “That,” answered Gui, “bespeaks a leal heartedness —you may venture one battle on that. When you fight, I beg to be allowed to attend you.”
The Duke took him with him in his chariot. The battle was fought in Chang Shao. The Duke was about to order the drums to beat an advance, when Gui said, “Not yet,” and after the men of Qi had advanced three times with their drums beating, he said: “Now is the time.” The army of Qi received a severe defeat; but when the Duke was about to dash after them, Gui again said, “Not yet.” He then got down, and examined the tracks left by their chariot-wheels, remounted, got on the front-bar, and looked after the flying enemy. After this he said “pursue.” which the Duke did.
When the victory had been secured, and the Duke asked Gui the reasons of what he had done. “In fighting,” was the reply, “all depends on the courageous spirit. When the drums first beat, that excites the spirit. A second advance occasions a diminution of the spirit; and with a third it is exhausted. With our spirit at the highest pitch we fell on them with their spirit exhausted; and so we conquered them. But it is difficult to fathom a great State— I was afraid there might be an ambuscade. I looked therefore at the traces of their wheels, and found them all-confused; I looked after their flags, and they were drooping—then I gave the order to pursue them.”