Substance-related disorders毒品或药物相关的障碍(四)

Substance-Induced Disorder
毒品或药物导致的障碍

Substance intoxication
毒品或药物的中毒
A. The development of a reversible substance-specific syndrome due to recent ingestion of (or exposure to ) a substance.
在服用(或暴露)于某种毒品或药物后,出现可恢复的因该种毒品或药物引起的特有症状

B. Clinically significant maladaptive behavioural or psychological changes that are due to the effect of the substance on the central nervous system (e.g., belligerence, mood lability, cognitive impairment, impaired judgment, impaired social or occupational functioning) and  develop during or shortly after use of the substance.
因该毒品或药物对中枢神经系统的影响,出现行为障碍或心理上的变化(比如,好斗,情绪易变,认知障碍,社交或职业功能障碍),这些现象出现在使用毒品或药物期间,或者是用完后的短期内,这些症状已达到临床诊断的标准

C. The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder.
这些症状不是因为其他疾病造成,也不符合其他精神疾病的诊断.

Substance withdrawal
毒品或药物的戒断
A. The development of a substance-specific syndrome due to the cessation of (or reduction in) substance use that has been heavy and prolonged.
在大量和长期使用某种毒品或药物后,如果停用则出现该毒品或药物特有的症状

B. The substance-specific syndrome causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
这些毒品或药物的特有症状到达临床诊断标准或导致了社交,职业,或其他重要功能的丧失

C. The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder.
这些症状不是有其他疾病引起,也不符合其他精神疾病的诊断.

毒品或药物的中毒和戒断