shishishishi交税速成大法 ZT
(2007-01-22 12:42:20)
下一个
disclaimer: shishishishi既不是职业税手,又不是你paid preparer,
对你如果听他的而错了造成钱财牢狱之灾不负任何责任!如果你发现文
中有任何错误,请务必指出。
第一章:总论
IRS绝大多数人不想的$1million的那个那么精,他们又很忙,所以绝大多数
事后你即使错了他们也看不出来,或按你所填给你退税。但你如果故意错填
骗税而被发现的话,下场估计不好!所以我建议该得的钱我们得要,不该得
的就算了。
你必须通读IRS pub 519。任何问题先查此天书。再加其它IRS pubs like
901, 520 etc. and www.irs.gov FAQ。
第二章:non-resident or resident?
由于两个跟中国同胞密切相关的treaty articles都能在resident下适用,
一般来说按resident file比较赚便宜!所以,只要能算resident,我们
就算。但不能算就不能算了。
F visa holders (F-1 and F-2 including OPT) 在美国前五年(5 calendar
years including partial year) 是NR。比如你96年8月来,96,97,98,99,00
都是NR。01的税就可以按resident来干了。
J visa holders (J-1 and J-2) 前两年是NR。
(Details see left column on page 6 of pub 519 at
http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p519.pdf)
其它签证按pub519数天数。
如果你LG or LP能算resident,那你们就能file jointly一起算residents。
一般file jointly比较合算。
如果你去年末能算resident,那你全年就能算resident。
# CORRECTION: the above statement is not entirely
# true. you only have this choice if you are married
# and you file jointly with your spouse as resident
# aliens.
first year choice:如果你今天能算resident,那你今天交去年的税就能把
去年按resident算。详情看519。
[zengdl]:To take the first year choice, one must be a resident in 2002
for at least 31 days.
F to H change: 基本上either你去年H1天数够算resident的,or今年够所以
可以用first year choice。所以就算resident吧。
dual status: 对中国人来说因为前面提到的两个treaty articles都能在resident
时用,就没有理由去弄这个麻烦没啥好处的dual了。
# correction: you must file dual status if you are sing
第三章:常见问题
two non-residents can't file jointly.
non-resident can't claim any dependents.
non-resident can't claim deduction on tuitions.
non-resident doesn't pay tax on bank account interest.
第四章:F1 students
如果你在美国不超过五年,有没有一个能算resident的LG/LP,那你就是
non-resident了,填1040NR or 1040NR-EZ。请读它们的instructions。
速成如下:(请注意一般TA/RA不全算scholarship/fellowship,按pub520)
*** this is a generic example and may not fit your situation ***
*** make necessary modifications to fit yourself ***
scholarship/fellowship全免税,income code 15, treaty article 20(b).
salary up to $5000 免税。incode code 19, article 20(c).
if you didn't get $5000 or more salary last year, change the amount
to what you got in following example.
以1040NR-Ez为例:
filing status:如实填写。结婚的就是married。结婚的不是single。
line 3: W2 + 1042-S - ($5000 and scholarship/fellowship if you had any)
line 4: state/local tax refund you got last year. you should have 1099-G for
it.
line 5: 0, even you did have scholarship/fellowship. chinese students don't pay
tax on them.
line 6: $5000 + scholarship/fellowship.
line 8: 0 unless you did have student loan and paid interest.
line 9: 0
line 11: state and local taxes as shown on your W-2
line 13: $3050 (for 2003 tax return, this changes every year).
line 15: check the tax rate table in the instruction
line 16: 0
line 19: 0 unless you applied 2000 tax refund to 2001 tax which shouldn't happen
line 20: 0
if (line 21 > line 17) {
put difference in line 22 and line 23a.
line 23b/c: your bank account info if you want the refund deposit to your bank
account directly, which is normally faster than check.
line 24: 0
leave line 25 and 26 blank.
} else {
leave lines 22-24 blank.
put lines 17 minus 21 in line 25.
you need to include a check for that amount to IRS.
}